README FILE FOR 2019 BERING STRAIT CTD DATA             Version 2nd June 2020
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This is an archive of CTD data from the 2019 Bering Strait mooring cruise.

The cruise was funded by the NSF-Arctic Observing Network grant:
- PLR-1758565 (PIs: Woogate and Peralta-Ferriz). 

The data are from a ~ 10 day cruise 
- on the US vessel Norseman II 
- from 5th-15th September 2019 
- sailing from and to Nome, Alaska, USA 
- to the Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Sea.
The cruise was also to service oceanographic moorings in the strait and those
data are archived separately. 

A total of 438 casts were taken and are included in this archive.
No water samples were taken during this cruise. 
Stations were taken in US waters near mooring locations and on sections
in the Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Sea.  See cruise report for
map, station locations, calibration, and processing details. 

The data are taken using an SBE911p system, recording 
- pressure 
- temperature (dual system)
- conductivity (dual system)
- oxygen (dual system)
- fluorescence
- turbidity.

For an overview of previous and on-going Bering Strait mooring work,
please see http://psc.apl.washington.edu/BeringStrait.html.

For details of the measurements and their interpretation, please see:
   Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of
   year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering
   Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), Oceanography
   28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57

Please cite that reference for the data. 

For queries, please contact:
   Rebecca Woodgate   woodgate@uw.edu   (206) 221-3268
   Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington
   1013 NE 40th, Seattle, WA  98105-6698   USA

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Meta data
=========

1) Platform: SBE911p CTD system on board the RV Norseman II

2) Project title: Bering Strait

3) Data collection dates: 5th-15th September 2019

4) PI:   Rebecca Woodgate (woodgate@uw.edu)

5) Data collection method:
     Hydrographic casts (no water samples)

6) Data calibration method:
     Instrument calibrated by manufacturers prior to deployment.
        Pressure calibrated June 2019
        Temperature calibrated February 2018
        Conductivity calibrated February 2018
        Oxygen calibrated February 2018
        Fluorescence / Turbidity calibrated  March 2010
     All times are given in GMT.
     All positions and times are from ship's aft A-frame NMEA.
     For SBEs, calibration and processing details are in file header.

7) Instrumentation used:
     Sea-Bird SBE911p system sampling at 24Hz with
         two SBE3F temperature sensors
         two SBE4C conductivity sensors
         two SBE43 Oxygen sensors
         one Wetlabs FLNTURT fluorescence/turbidity sensor
         one Benthos altimeter (data only intermittently reliable)
         two SBE pumps

8) Quality control procedures:
     Basic quality control provided by Rebecca Woodgate.
     CTD processing by SBE software as described in cruise report and file headers. 
     Fluorescence/turbidity sensor cleaned prior to each cast. 

9) Data format:
     Bstrait19nnn.hex data - as collected
     Bstrait19nnn.XMLCON - calibration coefficients
     Bstrait19nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML7m4m18p5mndpDMF17.cnv
                         - processed data (at native time resolution)
     Bstrait19nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML7m4m18p5mndpDMF17BADCS010.cnv
                         - processed data averaged to 1m bins from downcast
     nnn gives cast number
     Time (GMT), Latitude and longitude are recorded in the data files	
      
10) Data collection problems:
	Altimeter data - the Benthos altimeter only returned believable data for some 
       casts. Thus water depths should be taken from the event log in the cruise report.
     For casts up to and including 206, the raw hdr and hex files written contained
       many spurious lines of hex data, which interrupted the header file and 
       in some cases caused the .hex file to be unloadable with SeaSave, and various 
       Seabird software packages to complain about scan length errors. It was finally
       discovered this was due to the CTD fish being left in Autorun mode. Editing out
       the spurious data by hand made the files usable again.  Only these edited files
       are included in this archive.  
     Oxygen sensors were generally consistent during the cruise, but showed an 
       unexplained offset (<=5% saturation) for casts `150-250. See cruise report
       for more details. 
     Salinity (from conductivity) senors show an offset of 0.006psu, varying during
       the cruise.  As no water samples were taken we cannot ascertain which sensor 
       is correct.  See cruise report for more details. 
     Cast 245 was recast due to sensor discrepancy and thus need not be analyzed.
     Cast 246 was yoyo-ed to overcome blocked vent plug issues without recovering 
       and recasting the CTD in the erroneous belief the software could process the 
       first profile as an extra long soak. However,this is not the case.  The file
       archived here has had the first erroneous part removed so only the reliable
       data (from the final lower ane recover of the CTD) remain.   

11) Other related data sets:
       This data set is a part of a suite of measurements made in the
       Bering Strait almost continuously since 1990.  Mooring data have
       already been archived via the SBI project, managed by JOSS/EOS,
       and at NODC.
       For details see
        http://psc.apl.washington.edu/BeringStrait.html
        http://www.eol.ucar.edu/projects/sbi/
        http://sbi.utk.edu/
        http://www.nodc.noaa.gov
       Since 2000, CTD sections have been run in the Bering Strait on
       the mooring cruises.  These data are also accessible via the http
       links above.

12) Conditions for use or citation:
       Data freely available
       Please, as a courtesy, contact the PIs before using these data and cite as
           Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of
             year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering
             Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), Oceanography
             28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57

13) Data qualifications or warnings:
       See also Data collection problems.
       SBE data: Standard Sea-Bird limitations apply
           - pressure 0.015% of FSR (6800m), i.e., ~ 1m (calibration suggests 0.6m)
           - temperature 0.001degC
           - Conductivity 0.0003S/m
               Combined errors equivalent to salinity error of ~0.008psu

14) Grant numbers:
      Work funded by:
      - National Science Foundation (NSF) Arctic Observing Network (AON)
      program, grant PLR-1758565 (PI: Woodgate and Peralta-Ferriz)

15) Sample repository locations:
        National Ocean Data Center/National Centers for Environmental
          Information (http://www.nodc.noaa.gov)
        University of Washington (http://psc.apl.washington.edu/HLD)

16) Please use the following citation for these data:
   Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of
       year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering
       Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), 
       Oceanography, 28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57

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FILE LISTING
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Total number of files:  1754 including 3 subdirectories.
Total number of casts: 438

Size (b)   Name
---------  ----
= Metadata file (1 file)
     9159 Bering_Strait_CTD_September2019_NSFAON_ReadMe_versJune2020.txt

= Cruise report (1 file)
 18579073 BeringStrait2019CruiseReport_Norseman2_2ndJune2020withEL.pdf

.. and the 3 subdirectories: 

== One subdirectory of SBE .hex and .XMLcon calibration files (876 files)
./BeringStraitCTD_hexandXMLCON:
Bstrait19nnn.hex and BSTRAIT19nnn.XMLCON where nnn is cast number, e.g.,
 391694  Bstrait19001.hex
   9967  BSTRAIT19001.XMLCON

== One subdirectory of processed data at native time resolution (438 files)
./BeringStraitCTD_processed:
Bstrait19nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML7m4m18p5mndpDMF17.cnv where nnn is cast number, e.g.,
 135531 Bstrait19001A00B15AdvOx2CTML7m4m18p5mndpDMF17.cnv

== One subdirectory of processed data averaged to 1m bins from the down cast (438 files)
./BeringStraitCTD_Binaveraged:
Bstrait19nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML7m4m18p5mndpDMF17BADCS010.cnv where nnn is cast number, e.g.,
 21068 Bstrait19001A00B15AdvOx2CTML7m4m18p5mndpDMF17BADCS010.cnv


+++++++++ END OF FILE LISTING ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 