README FILE FOR 2016 BERING STRAIT CTD DATA                Version July 2016
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This is an archive of CTD data from the 2016 Bering Strait mooring cruise.

The cruise was funded by the NSF-Arctic Observing Network grants:
- PLR-1304052 (PIs: Woodgate, Heimbach and Nguyen)

The data are from a ~ 9 day cruise 
- on the US vessel Norseman II 
- from 7th-15th July 2016 
- sailing from and to Nome, Alaska, USA 
- to the Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Sea.
The cruise was also to service oceanographic moorings in the strait and those
data are archived separately. 

A total of 277 casts were taken and are included in this archive.
No water samples were taken during this cruise. 
Stations were taken in US waters near mooring locations and on sections
in the Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Sea.  See cruise report for
map, station locations, calibration, and processing details. 

The data are taken using an SBE911p system, recording 
- pressure 
- temperature (dual system)
- conductivity (dual system)
- oxygen (dual system)
- fluorescence
- turbidity.

For an overview of previous and on-going Bering Strait mooring work,
please see http://psc.apl.washington.edu/BeringStrait.html.

For details of the measurements and their interpretation, please see:
   Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of
   year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering
   Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), Oceanography
   28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57

Please cite that reference for the data. 

For queries, please contact:
   Rebecca Woodgate   woodgate@uw.edu   (206) 221-3268
   Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington
   1013 NE 40th, Seattle, WA  98105-6698   USA

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Meta data
=========

1) Platform: SBE911p CTD system on board the RV Norseman II

2) Project title: Bering Strait

3) Data collection dates: 7th-15th July 2016

4) PI:   Rebecca Woodgate (woodgate@uw.edu)

5) Data collection method:
     Hydrographic casts (no water samples)

6) Data calibration method:
     Instrument calibrated by manufacturers prior to deployment.
        Pressure calibrated March 2015
        Temperature calibrated March 2015
        Conductivity calibrated March and May 2015
        Oxygen calibrated February/March 2016
        Fluorescence / Turbidity calibrated  March 2010
     All times are given in GMT.
     All positions and times are from ship's aft A-frame NMEA 
       (with some exceptions (see section 10)
     For SBEs, calibration and processing details are in file header.

7) Instrumentation used:
     Sea-Bird SBE911p system sampling at 24Hz with
         two SBE3F temperature sensors
         two SBE4C conductivity sensors
         two SBE43 Oxygen sensors
         one Wetlabs FLNTURT fluorescence/turbidity sensor
         one Benthos altimeter (data only intermittently reliable)
         two SBE pumps

8) Quality control procedures:
     Basic quality control provided by Rebecca Woodgate.
     CTD processing by SBE software as described in cruise report and file headers. 
     Fluorescence/turbidity sensor cleaned prior to each cast. 

9) Data format:
     Bstrait16nnn.hex data - as collected
     Bstrait16nnn.XMLCON - calibration coefficients
     Bstrait16nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML5m2m6mDMF17 
                         - processed data (at native time resolution)
     Bstrait16nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML5m2m6mDMF17BADCS010
                         - processed data averaged to 1m bins from downcast
     nnn gives cast number
     Time (GMT), Latitude and longitude are recorded in the data files	
      
10) Data collection problems:
	Generic:  - the Benthos altimeter only returned believable data for some casts.
       Thus water depths should be taken from the event log in the cruise report.
     Oxygen sensors show an offset of ~ 3% saturation. As no water samples were taken
       we cannot ascertain which sensor is correct. However, a Ox2 was more recently
       calibrated, perhaps it might be taken as more reliable.  Also after a storm,
       near surface readings of Ox were 104% saturation from Ox1, and 100.5% saturation
       from Ox2, again suggesting Ox2 may be the more accurate. For further discussion
       see cruise report.
     Vent plug blocking is common in these high turbidity waters.  Investigation
       suggests the following records are affected by this.  
           Primary sensor data on casts 271 and 272
           Secondary sensor data on casts 241-250.  
     Cast 272 was recast at the same location as cast 273.
     Original data for cast 224 was erroneously named 2234 during data collection, this
           is corrected in these files.
     Casts 119-133 are using the bridge GBP position rather than the aft A-frame CTD 
           position due to problems with the aft GBP antenna.
     
11) Other related data sets:
       This data set is a part of a suite of measurements made in the
       Bering Strait almost continuously since 1990.  Mooring data have
       already been archived via the SBI project, managed by JOSS/EOS,
       and at NODC.
       For details see
        http://psc.apl.washington.edu/BeringStrait.html
        http://www.eol.ucar.edu/projects/sbi/
        http://sbi.utk.edu/
        http://www.nodc.noaa.gov
       Since 2000, CTD sections have been run in the Bering Strait on
       the mooring cruises.  These data are also accessible via the http
       links above.

12) Conditions for use or citation:
       Data freely available
       Please, as a courtesy, contact the PIs before using these data and cite as
           Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of
             year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering
             Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), Oceanography
             28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57

13) Data qualifications or warnings:
       See also Data collection problems.
       SBE data: Standard Sea-Bird limitations apply
           - pressure 0.015% of FSR (6800m), i.e., ~ 1m (calibration suggests 0.6m)
           - temperature 0.001degC
           - Conductivity 0.0003S/m
               Combined errors equivalent to salinity error of ~0.008psu

14) Grant numbers:
      Work funded by:
      - National Science Foundation (NSF) Arctic Observing Network (AON)
      program, grant PLR-1304052 (PI: Woodgate, Heimbach and Nguyen)

15) Sample repository locations:
        National Ocean Data Center (http://www.nodc.noaa.gov)
        University of Washington (http://psc.apl.washington.edu/HLD)

16) Please use the following citation for these data:
   Woodgate, R.A., K.M.Stafford and F.G.Prahl (2015) A synthesis of
       year-round interdisciplinary mooring measurements in the Bering
       Strait (1990-2014) and the RUSALCA years (2004-2011), 
       Oceanography, 28(3):46-67, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.57

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FILE LISTING
=============

Total number of files:  1110 and 3 subdirectories.
Total number of casts: 277

Size (b)   Name
---------  ----
= Metadata file (1 file)
      8794  Bering_Strait_CTD_July2016_NSFAON_ReadMe_versJuly2016.txt

= Cruise report (1 file)
 9220707 Aug  9  2016 BeringStrait2016CruiseReport_Norseman2_9thAugust2016wEL.pdf

.. and the 3 subdirectories: 

== One subdirectory of SBE .hex and .XMLcon calibration files (554 files)
./BeringStraitCTD_hexandXMLCON:
Bstrait16nnn.hex and Bstrait16nnn.XMLCON where nnn is cast number, e.g.,
  501465 Jul  8  2016 Bstrait16001.hex
    9379 Jul  8  2016 BSTRAIT16001.XMLCON

== One subdirectory of processed data at native time resolution (277 files)
./BeringStraitCTD_processed:
Bstrait16nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML5m2m6mDMF17.cnv where nnn is cast number, e.g.,
 1731638 Jul 11  2016 Bstrait16001A00B15AdvOx2CTML5m2m6mDMF17.cnv

== One subdirectory of processed data at averged to 1m bins from the down cast (277 files)
./BeringStraitCTD_Binaveraged:
Bstrait16nnnA00B15AdvOx2CTML5m2m6mDMF17BADCS010.cnv where nnn is cast number, e.g.,
   20959 Jul 11  2016 Bstrait16001A00B15AdvOx2CTML5m2m6mDMF17BADCS010.cnv

+++++++++ END OF FILE LISTING ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 